The Russian Navy operates for transmitting messages to submarines deep under water the ELF-transmitter ZEVS, which works on 82 Hertz (not kHz, or MHz!). It uses as antenna a ground dipole, which is in principle a powerline that is grounded at both ends. The facility is described on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZEVS_(transmitter). I recommand also to have a look at the links given there (use if required a translation program).
The only picture of the line towers of ZEVS, which I could find is http://www.radioscanner.ru/uploader/201 ... ified_.jpg . Obviously the ground dipole uses a standard powerline, at which the conductors are paralellized.